Many companies are currently replacing their old copper wire based systems with new fiber optic based systems to improve speed, capacity and clarity. Before the fiber optic systems are sold to telephone companies, cable companies and network providers, they must first pass several quality control tests.
The tensile strength must withstand 100,000 lb/in or more. The refractive index profile determines numerical aperture as well as screens for optical defects. The core diameter, cladding dimensions and coating diameter must all be uniform.
Attenuation determines the extent that light signals of various wavelengths will degrade over distance. Information carrying capacity or bandwidth, determines the number of signals that can be carried at one time. Chromatic dispersion tests the spread of various wavelengths of light through the core.
The operating temperature, humidity range and temperature dependence of attenuation are also tested. Undersea cables are also tested for their ability to conduct light underwater.
Resources:
WWW.ELECTRONICS.HOWSTUFFWORKS.COM
WWW.SFF.NET
WWW.ARCELECT.COM