Primarily marketed as a self-defense weapon, a stun gun is a handheld device that emits an electric charge. When you place this “gun” in contact with another person’s body, the charge immobilizes the person. The “stun” gives you enough time to subdue a person, but it does not cause any permanent damage.
The basic stun gun has three key components: the handle, the trigger, and the prongs. Hold the handle, and depress the trigger to ignite the electric charge. The charge travels between the two prongs (also called prods or probes) that are at the tip of the gun and about one inch from each other. Touching this charge to a person administers the shock.
This basic act, however, occurs in a wide variety of stun guns. Stun guns are available in curved or straight designs and come in different sizes (six inches is the norm) and styles (e.g. a deceptive “cell phone” stun gun).
More importantly, stun guns vary in their voltage and in their type of electric charge. The voltage in stun guns ranges from approximately 80,000 to 625,000 volts. Greater voltage produces a more powerful shock and thus immobilizes your attacker more quickly. As for their electric charge, stun guns operate using either a static charge or a phase induction charge. The latter offers slightly more power for your volt, but otherwise they are fairly similar.