The conventional black light design is a fluorescent lamp with a couple of modifications. Fluorescent lamps generate light by passing electricity through a tube filled with inert gas and a small amount of mercury. When energized, mercury atoms emit energy in the form of light photons in the ultraviolet wavelength range. Ultraviolet light waves are completely invisible, therefore fluorescent lamps have to convert this energy into visible light with a phosphor coating around the outside of the tube. Phosphors are substances that give off white light, or fluoresce, when they are exposed to light. Black lights work on this same principle.