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Early History Of Rio De Janeiro
Home » Brazil » Rio De Janeiro - Overview and History » Early History Of Rio De JaneiroThe Portuguese began using the city of Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro as a tactical position for the Atlantic passage of ships between Brazil, the African colonies and Europe. Strongholds were built and partnerships were formed with nearby native tribes to defend the city against invaders. Sugar cane was the first commerce in the area and the African slaves were used for manual labor. But as the higher quality sugar cane from northern Brazil became more available their industry soon dwindled.
The city was threatened or invaded by several pirates and buccaneers until the early 18th century. When the Portuguese found gold and diamonds in the neighboring settlement of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro became a more useful harbor for exporting the riches. In 1763, the colonial government in Portuguese America was moved to Rio.
The Portuguese royal family moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1808, when they were fleeing from Napoleon’s invasion of Portugal. The Portuguese capital was transferred to the city, which made it the only European capital outside of Europe. Many inhabitants were evicted from their homes to accommodate the hundreds of noblemen who arrived with the royal family of Portugal. Rio continued as Brazils capital until 1889 when the military overthrew the monarchy and imposed a republic.
The city thrived economically and by 1891 Rio had a population of over 500,000 residents ranking it one of the largest cities in the world. As the city grew in size, mountains were removed, bay water reclaimed, and skyscrapers were constructed.
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